I hope you enjoy reading it as much this time as you did in 1973. gracenotes from North Texas on July 21, 2012: Thank you! It's historical stories such as this that confirm my distain for organized religion. Another group that was not allowed to practice their religion in the Massachusetts Bay Colony were the Quakers, who were led by George Fox after he began to receive direct revelation from an inner voice that he believed to be that of the Holy Spirit. Through the reigns of the Protestant King Edward VI (1547-1553), who introduced the first vernacular prayer book, and the Catholic (1553-1558), who sent some dissenting clergymen to their deaths and others into exile, the Puritan movement–whether tolerated or suppressed–continued to grow. But in practice they acted–from the point of view of Episcopalians and even Presbyterians at home–exactly as the separatists were acting. My most favorite historical time to read about is Tudor England, and numbers of people agree with me, it seems. Two Quaker women who were persecuted by the Puritans were named Ann Austin and Mary Fisher. This dissolution prevented Puritan leaders from working within the system to effect change and left them vulnerable to persecution. © 2020 A&E Television Networks, LLC. The Puritans were members of a religious reform movement known as Puritanism that arose within the Church of England in the late 16th century. It is sad to think we believe lies until told otherwise. England for a time was a Republic and ironically, the Republic repudiated itself with the restoration of the Monarchy and submitted to Charles II. Is the Coronavirus Crisis Increasing America's Drug Overdoses? Dolores Monet from East Coast, United States on November 06, 2013: How sad that religion and the search for religious freedom wound up stigmatizing people of other religions. We might look on in bemusement now, but back then they were quite happy to die or kill for their religious beliefs. They were separatists from the Anglican Church. King James I of England made some efforts to reconcile the Puritan clergy who had been alienated by the lack of change in the Church of England. He soon came to view Plymouth Colony as not being sufficiently reformed or separated from the corruption of the Church of England, and he also espoused the view that the Colonial Charters were not valid because the land had not been purchased from the Native Americans, the original inhabitants of the region. Still others were content to remain within the structure of the national church, but set themselves against Catholic and episcopal authority. It was interesting about the Puritans, Anglicans and Catholics in England, and the Puritans and people embracing other types of faith going to America. I wonder what they would think of America or the UK now? During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, an uneasy peace prevailed within English religious life, but the struggle over the tone and purpose of the church continued. Thomas Kitchin, CC0, via Wikipedia Commons. CMHypno (author) from Other Side of the Sun on May 17, 2012: Hi Cyndi10, thanks for reading the hub and leaving a comment. CMHypno (author) from Other Side of the Sun on November 25, 2013: Glad you enjoyed the hub and found the historical information useful DrBill. King Charles II eventually intervened and ordered that all Quakers be sent back to England to be tried, which put an end to the executions, but not the banishments. Voted up, useful, interesting, and awesome! Randy Godwin from Southern Georgia on May 04, 2012: Quiet a well researched and also well written piece as usual, Cynthia. This enraged the leaders of the Massachusetts colony, and when he returned to preach in Salem, he was summoned to appear before the General Court. Williams sought to establish a new colony by buying land from Massasoit, but was told by the Plymouth colony that he was still within their land grant. When Parliament was re-established in 1640, migration dropped drastically. Puritanism, however, had a more significant persistence in American life than as the religion of black-frocked caricatures. This ephoc has fascinated me for many years, the intrigue and skullduggery of the times was so involved. But this new entity, the Church of England, was essentially the Catholic Church without the Pope and the monasteries. They wore the wrong clothes, didn't know what it eat, got sick and died, and sometimes nearly starved. To the Puritan mind, the fate of all men was predestined, so whether you would be saved or sent to suffer the torments of hell was decided at the time of your birth by God. The Puritans in England and Europe certainly came into conflict with the established Church of England, which was deeply intolerant of their practices. Freedom of religion, as a fundamental, is the root of the cause why did the Pilgrims leave England. Thus, leading a good life according to strict religious rules could not help you if you were not one of the chosen. The English monarchs were extremely keen to avoid civil war. This group is commonly called the Pilgrims. It survived, perhaps most conspicuously, in the secular form of self-reliance, moral rigor, and political localism that became, by the Age of Enlightenment, virtually the definition of Americanism. In 1641, some of the new colonists returned to fight on the side of parliament and Oliver Cromwell. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Things came to a head when King Charles I came to the throne in 1625. When Pilgrims and other settlers set out on the ship for America in 1620, they intended to lay anchor in northern Virginia. Anne Hutchinson and her followers rocked the boat by stating that somebody needed to have had a direct experience with God before they could determine whether or not they were saved. Cynthia B Turner from Georgia on May 17, 2012: Hello CMHypno, Very well done. Under the rule of primogeniture, younger sons tended to enter the professions (especially the law) with increasing frequency and seek their livelihood in the burgeoning cities. They resented and wanted to eliminate any religious practices that in any way resembled the Catholicism from which this new church had sprung. That can easily set the stage for intolerance. The truth is finally starting to come out about the Church, the churches and the founding of this country. Employment by more than one parish was common, so they moved often, preventing them from forming deep roots in their communities. You have inexcusably mixed the Pilgrims, who had what we now call the 1st thanxgiving, and the Puritans, who arrived later. I'm glad that you enjoyed the hub so much My Esoteric and thank you for linking it to your own hubs. Puritans, as they were referred to by their enemies, wished to reform the Church of England, which they viewed as too similar to the Catholic Church. I hope that not too many descendants of those earliest colonists are offended, but at the end of the day the Puritans lost out in the religious bullying stakes in England, so moved elsewhere to set up their own regime. I think that back in the 17th century, religious tolerance was a very rare thing, and that it was unfortunately indoctrinated into most people that their faith was the only true and right one, and that anyone who believed differently was bad and probably dangerous to have around. The break from the Catholic Church came when King Henry VIII came into conflict with the Pope. I've always started with the notion that if it is taught in amoral American public schools, that it is merely corporate propaganda. The Puritans left England primarily due to religious persecution but also for economic reasons as well. In the early decades of the 17th century, some groups of worshipers began to separate themselves from the main body of their local parish church where preaching was inadequate and to engage an energetic “lecturer,” typically a young man with a fresh Cambridge degree, who was a lively speaker and steeped in reform theology. I really enjoyed your very well written article - voted up. Blessings on you and your family. When they arrived in a Puritan colony from Barbados in 1656 on a ship called the Swallow, their possessions were searched and many of their books deemed heretical were taken away from them before they were even allowed to set foot on land. He famously married a series of six wives in his search for political alliance, marital bliss and a healthy male heir. It is a time when families across the country traditionally come together to have a huge turkey dinner and give thanks for all the blessings and abundance they have received during the year. CMHypno (author) from Other Side of the Sun on July 22, 2012: It's about that long since I read 'Green Darkness' as well. The monarchy subsequently continued to govern, unfortunately with disastrous consequences with the occurrence of WWI, which apparently was in some ways a contest between the Monarchs of Europe, many of whom were cousins being descendants of Queen Victoria. Several shifts of power would take place over the years that would see many innocent people caught in the political crossfire and executed for their religious beliefs. In the first few years of his reign, the Puritans in parliament strongly opposed his royal authority. I have three autographed books of hers that I had her sign in the late 1970s, before her death. Hans Holbein the Younger, CC0, via Wikipedia. Hillary from Atlanta, GA on June 09, 2012: This was such an interesting point well presented. Some very good history (and occasional novels) have been written about this particular time. But there was also dissension among the Protestants themselves over how far the reform of the Church should go, and over the years a split began to form between the members of the Church of England. These first settlers in our great country had to be a bit hard-headed as well as strong willed to want to make a go of it in the new World. Scott Belford from Keystone Heights, FL on October 14, 2017: My particular way out of your bind, Dream On, is to think of the Big Bang as God. lol! Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, ...read more, The Mayflower Compact was a set of rules for self-governance established by the English settlers who traveled to the New World on the Mayflower. A scouting party was sent out, and in late December the ...read more, In September 1620, during the reign of King James I, a group of around 100 English men and women—many of them members of the English Separatist Church later known to history as the Pilgrims—set sail for the New World aboard the Mayflower.

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